Prof. Kühling gave a presentation on 2 October 2025 at the 84th Annual Conference of Constitutional Law Lecturers. Under the overarching theme ‘The Future and Limits of the Market Model’, he delivered the first presentation in the foundational session, entitled ‘Constitutional Law and Market Design’. Kühling emphasised the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration with the field of economics in order to resolve the current challenges posed by the polycrisis. Furthermore, he developed a matrix comprising two triads to systematise the various strands of discussion across the different markets: Kühling distinguished between constitutional rights as the foundation of the market order, competition law as the supporting structure, and the subsequent regulatory framework on the one hand; and, on the other, the state’s design parameters – ranging from market liberalisation and decisions on market participants to the formulation of market rules. In doing so, Kühling emphasised that without an effective state, there can be no functioning markets – and vice versa.
