Publications
I. Monographs
The Proportionality Test. Methodological Migration between Public Law and Private Law, Studies and Contributions to Public Law 35, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, 1st edition 2017 (out of print), unchanged reprint (paperback) 2020, X, 239 pp.
Ways of Enforcing Anti-Discrimination Law in the Formation, Performance and Termination of Civil Law Obligations, Series of the Federal Anti-Discrimination Agency, Nomos, Baden-Baden 2021, 345 pp. (in collaboration with S. Beigang, F. Boll, V. Egenberger, L. Hahn, A. Leidinger and D. Tuner)
Evaluation of the General Equal Treatment Act, Series of the Federal Anti-Discrimination Agency, Nomos, Baden-Baden 2016, 258 pp. (in collaboration with S. Berghahn/V. Egenberger/M. Klapp/A. Klose/D. Liebscher/L. Supik)
II. Commentaries
Art. 74, Art. 77, Art. 78, Art. 79, Art. 81, Art. 82, Art. 83, Art. 84 AI Regulation, in: Janine Wendt/Domenik Wendt (eds.), Artificial Intelligence Act – Gesetz über Künstliche Intelligenz, Commentary, Nomos, expected 2026, manuscript
Section 8 of the Berlin State Anti-Discrimination Act (LADG), in: Alexander Klose/Doris Liebscher/Maria Wersig/Michael Wrase (eds.), Berlin State Anti-Discrimination Act, Commentary, Nomos, Baden-Baden 2025
III. Articles in journals and anthologies
Proportionality. A not-so-German Concept?, to be published in: Philipp Dann/Christoph Möllers (eds.), Oxford Handbook of the German Constitution, Oxford University Press, expected 2026, manuscript
Unrequited Love or Secret Passion? The German Federal Constitutional Court’s Approach to Comparativism, in : Lando Kirchmair/Lisa Lechner (eds.), Citation Networks of European Constitutional Courts: Asymmetrical Judicial Dialogues, Routledge, London/New York 2026, pp. 123–150
Consolidation rather than triumph. A quantitative study of the application of the principle of proportionality in the case law of the Federal Constitutional Court, DER STAAT 63 (2024), pp. 217–252 (co-authored with B. Stohlmann, K. Lüders, L. Wendel, L. Hoeft and S. Reule)
Diffusion of Standards and Responsibility in the Age of Digital Administration and AI, in : Wolfgang Kahl/Markus Ludwigs (eds.), Handbook of Administrative Law, Vol. V, C.F. Müller, Heidelberg 2023, pp. 143–176
From Modelled Topics to Areas of Law: A Comparative Analysis of Types of Proceedings in the German Federal Constitutional Court, German Law Journal 23 (2022), pp. 493–531 (with L. Wendel and A. Shadrova)
Protection against Discrimination in Security Measures, in: Anna Katharina Mangold/Mehrdad Payandeh (eds.), Handbook of Anti-Discrimination Law – Structures, Legal Concepts and Approaches, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2022, pp. 1057–1089
AI Guiding Discretionary Power: On the Use of Intelligent Systems in Administration with Discretionary Powers, Journal of Digitalisation and Law (ZfDR) 1 (2021), pp. 307–328
‘Karlsruhe Canons?’ Self- and External Canonisation of the Case-Law of the Federal Constitutional Court, Archive of Public Law (AöR) 145 (2020), pp. 537–613 (with A. Ighreiz, C. Möllers, L. Rolfes and A. Shadrova)
Artificial Intelligence and Discrimination: Discriminating Against Discriminatory Systems, in: Thomas Wischmeyer and Timo Rademacher (eds.), Regulating Artificial Intelligence, Springer, Berlin 2020, pp. 103–121
– Version in German (with a different focus): Knowledge as a matter of discrimination. Cognitive challenges of anti-discrimination law between implicit knowledge and self-learning algorithms, in: Laura Münkler (ed.), Dimensions of Knowledge in Law, Law – Science – Theory 15, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2019, pp. 67–86
A European State Church Law?, DER STAAT 58 (2019), pp. 621–641
– English-language version: A Double Conflict of Laws: The Emergence of an EU “Staatskirchenrecht”, German Law Journal 20 (2019), pp. 1066–1078
Subject-matter dichotomy and proportionality, JuristenZeitung (JZ) 2018, pp. 421–430
Open Answers to Open Questions – On Indirect Discrimination on the Grounds of Disability in EU Anti-Discrimination Law, Review of ECJ Case C-270/16 – Ruiz Conejero, European Journal of Labour Law (EuZA) 2018, pp. 357–365
Anti-discrimination legislation of the federal states within the multi-tier system, Zeitschrift für Gesetzgebung (ZG) 32 (2017), pp. 165–179
The unconstitutionality of ‘racial profiling’ – and a contribution to the systematics of Article 3 of the Basic Law, JuristenZeitung (JZ) 2013, pp. 219–224 (co-authored with T. Wihl)
IV. Case Analysis
Advanced examination paper: ‘Return-journey quarantine’, Zeitschrift für das Juristische Studium (ZJS) 6/2020, pp. 627–633
V. Reviews, encyclopaedia entries and shorter articles
Market and State: 84th Annual Conference of the Association of German Professors of Constitutional Law, 1–3 October 2025 in Salzburg, conference report, JuristenZeitung (JZ) 2026, pp. 395–398
Emanuel V. Towfigh/Alexander Gleixner, Smartbook Grundrechte, review , Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Rechtswissenschaft (ZDRW) 10 (2023), pp. 331–334
Schmidt, Nico Sebastian: The Fundamental Right to Freedom of Language, review, *DER STAAT* 62 (2023), pp. 166–168
Racism, in: Mortimer Sellers/Stephan Kirste (eds.), *Encyclopaedia of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy*, Springer, Berlin 2023 (digital preprint 2021)
Helmut Ridder – An Early Advocate of Anti-Discrimination Law?, Kritische Justiz (KJ) 53 (2020), pp. 212–215
Schulz, Sarah: The Liberal Democratic Basic Order. Outcome and Consequences of a Historical-Political Process, review, in: H-Soz-Kult, 30 January 2020
Racial Profiling in Court, Deutsches Polizeiblatt (DPolBl) 3.2019, pp. 17–19
Who Has the Final Say?, NJW-aktuell 2014, Issue 9, p. 14
Various blog posts on the Verfassungsblog, the Portal Heimatkunde, the Völkerrechtsblog and on FAZ-Einspruch
VI. Resources
Proportionality – An annotated dataset of GFCC decisions, [Data set] Zenodo, 2024 (external link, opens in a new window), (in collaboration with K. Lüders, L. Wendel, S. Reule, B. Stohlmann, L. Hoeft)
Presentations
Legal Texts as a Data Source, Conference on ‘The Rebirth of Legal Informatics: Technology and the Regulation of Legal Agents’, June 2026, University of Würzburg
< Freedom // Equality >" – a hermeneutic-empirical approach, conference on Quantitative Jurisprudence, September 2024, Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin
Degrees of Constitutionalisation. Preventive Constitutional Law against the Right?, RegensburgLaw Students’ Society, June 2024, Regensburg
The German Constitutional Court in the European Constitutional Court Network, ECCN Conference, September 2022, University of Innsbruck
Who is to rule the law? State-church relations between the ECJ, the ECtHR and the German Constitutional Court, Workshop “Challenges to the European Rule of Law”, July 2022, Regensburg
When Computers Discriminate: Using Anti-Discrimination Law to Combat Algorithm-Driven Exclusion?, Regensburg Research Hour, June 2022, Regensburg
‘Legal Digital Humanities’ as a research programme?, Faculty seminar of the Faculty of Law, January 2022, Regensburg
Combating poverty through anti-discrimination law? On the hierarchical structure of the special equality principles, lecture series “Poverty: Facets of a Challenge”, November 2021, Regensburg
The ‘Karlsruhe Canon’? Self- and external canonisation of the case law of the Federal Constitutional Court, workshop “Methods of Quantitative Text Analysis”, November 2019, Berlin (with Anna Shadrova)
Legal battles against religious discrimination from a historical perspective (commentary), conference “Material Equality” organised by the Cluster of Excellence “Normative Orders”, November 2019, Frankfurt am Main
An EU State Church Law?! Diversity and Uniformity of Law and Order between Church and State in the European Multi-Level System, International Society of Public Law (ICON-S) – German Chapter, Founding Conference, March 2019, Berlin
Knowledge as a matter of discrimination: European anti-discrimination law between implicit knowledge and self-learning algorithms, ‘Law in Context’lecture series , February 2019, Berlin
Anti-discrimination legislation in the federal states, Annual Reception hosted by the Senator for Justice at the Office of the State of Berlin to the EU, February 2019, Brussels
Cognitive Dissonances, European Junior Faculty Forum for Public Law and Jurisprudence, June 2018, Florence
Proportionality Analysis and the Public/Private Law Divide, International Society of Public Law (ICON-S), June 2014, Florence
PhD programmes
The Junior Professorship in Public Law offers opportunities to undertake doctoral studies. In principle, doctoral studies are undertaken within the framework of an employment contract as a research assistant. In exceptional cases and on a very limited basis, it is also possible to pursue a doctoral degree as an external candidate; please include your CV, examination certificates and a brief description of your proposed doctoral research project, which should relate to one of the Junior Professorship’s key research areas, with your application. The requirements set out in the Faculty’s doctoral regulations apply.
Website on doctoral studies at the Faculty of Law
Current doctoral projects
- Nikolaus Bauer, AI-based mass surveillance in the light of fundamental rights
- Corbinian von Bullion, Social status as a category of anti-discrimination law
- Maximilian Gschwendner, Climate-induced displacement – gaps in protection and options for action under national and European law
- Thomas Späth, Human Dignity and AI
Completed PhD theses
- Jana Simmel, AI as an Administrative Act – The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Public Administration
Memberships & Outreach
Memberships in academic associations
International Society of Public Law (ICON.S). (external link, opens in a new window)
Association of German Professors of Constitutional Law e.V. (external link, opens in a new window)
Law & Society Association. (external link, opens in a new window)
Policy Advice
Full member of the Advisory Board of the Federal Anti-Discrimination Agency. (external link, opens in a new window)